Social networks and risk of eating disorders in Chilean young adults / Redes sociales y riesgo de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en adultos jóvenes chilenos

Introduction: in Western societies, social networks are prominent sources of information and entertainment, widely accessed due to internet availability. While social networks offer health benefits, their impact varies across generations and populations. Concerns arise about their influence on mental health, with potential hindrance to social relationships. Social networks are recognized as contributors to eating disorders, influencing nutritional behaviors and impacting self-perception negatively. For this, the objective of present study was determining the association between the risk of eating disorders (ED) and the use of social networks in young adults in the Araucanía Region of Chile. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on the young adult population. The subjects were recruited online through crucial social networks between November and December 2021. A self-reported online form was administered, asking for sociodemographic variables, social network use, and risk of eating disorders. The EAT-26 was applied for the latter variable. To determine the association between variables, each condition was dichotomized against the presence or absence of ED risk. Results: a total of 370 responses were collected, representing females (62.7 %) primarily from the 20-28 age group (79.5 %) and from the university student group (54.9 %); 12.9 % of the sample were at risk of ED. The variables associated with a higher risk of an eating disorder were being female (p = 0.001), preference for Twitter (p = 0.017), interest in food influencers (p = 0.008), and perceived frequency of advertising (p = 0.007). Conclusion: in this sample, there is an association between the use of social networks and the risk of ED, but this depends mainly on the social network used and exposure/preference of food-related content.(AU)

Introducción: en las sociedades occidentales, las redes sociales son fuentes destacadas de información y entretenimiento, ampliamente accesibles gracias a la disponibilidad de internet. Aunque ofrecen beneficios para la salud, su impacto varía entre generaciones y poblaciones. Surgen preocupaciones sobre su influencia en la salud mental, con un posible obstáculo para las relaciones sociales. Se reconoce que las redes sociales contribuyen a los trastornos alimentarios, influyendo en los comportamientos nutricionales y afectando negativamente la autopercepción. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la asociación entre el riesgo de trastornos alimentarios (ED) y el uso de redes sociales en adultos jóvenes en la Región de la Araucanía, Chile. Métodos: se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo transversal en la población de adultos jóvenes. Los sujetos fueron reclutados en línea a través de redes sociales clave entre noviembre y diciembre de 2021. Se administró un formulario en línea autoinformado, solicitando variables sociodemográficas, uso de redes sociales y riesgo de trastornos alimentarios. Se aplicó el EAT-26 para esta última variable. Para determinar la asociación entre variables, se dicotomizó cada condición frente a la presencia o ausencia de riesgo de ED.Resultados: se recopilaron un total de 370 respuestas, principalmente de mujeres (62,7 %) en el grupo de edad de 20-28 años (79,5 %) y de estudiantes universitarios (54,9 %). El 12,9 % de la muestra estaba en riesgo de ED. Las variables asociadas con un mayor riesgo de trastorno alimentario fueron el género femenino (p = 0,001), preferencia por Twitter (p = 0,017), interés en influencers de alimentos (p = 0,008) y percepción de la frecuencia de la publicidad (p = 0,007).Conclusión: en esta muestra, existe una asociación entre el uso de redes sociales y el riesgo de ED, pero esto depende principalmente de la red social utilizada y la exposición...(AU)

Future Anxiety in Young Spanish Adults: Psychometric Properties of the Dark Future Scale / Ansiedad Futura en Adultos Jóvenes Españoles: Propiedades Psicométricas de la Dark Future Scale

Background/Objective: The Dark Future Scale (DFS) is a self-report instrument which assesses the tendency to think about the future with anxiety, fear, and uncertainty. Although it has been applied in different populations, instrumental studies are scarce, and there is no validated Spanish version. The aim was therefore to develop a Spanish version of the scale (DFS-S) and to analyze its psychometric properties in a sample of young adults. Method: Participants were 1,019 individuals aged from 18 to 24 years. They completed the DFS-S and the IPIP-BFM-20. Validity evidence based on the internal structure, including measurement invariance across gender, as well as on relationships with personality traits was obtained. Reliability and gender differences in DFS-S scores were also examined. Results: Results supported a single-factor structure, χ2(5) = 10.79, CFI = .999, RMSEA = .034, SRMR = .016, that was invariant across gender. Reliability of test scores was satisfactory (ω = .92). In the correlation analysis, future anxiety showed a strong positive correlation with neuroticism (.42) and a moderate negative correlation with extraversion (-.25). Females scored higher than males on future anxiety. Conclusions: The DFS-S has satisfactory psychometric properties and it is an adequate tool for measuring future anxiety among young adults.(AU)

Antecedentes/Objetivo: La Dark Future Scale (DFS) evalúa la ten-dencia a pensar en el futuro con ansiedad, miedo e incertidumbre. Aunque ha sido usadaen diferentes poblaciones, los estudios instrumentales son es-casos y no hay una versión adaptada al español. El objetivo del estudio fue adaptarla al español (DFS-S) y analizar sus propiedades psicométricas en una muestra de adultos jóvenes. Método:Participaron 1.019 jóvenes entre 18 y 24 años. Completaron la DFS-S y el IPIP-BFM-20. Se analizan evidencias de validez basadas en la estructura interna, incluyendo la invarianza de me-dida según el género, y basadas en las relaciones con rasgos de personali-dad, así como análisis de la fiabilidad y de las diferencias de género. Resulta-dos:Los resultados apoyaron una estructura de un solo factor, χ2(5) = 10.79, CFI = .999, RMSEA = .034, SRMR = .016, con invarianza respecto al gé-nero, y con coeficiente de fiabilidad satisfactorio (ω= .92). Se encontró co-rrelación positiva fuerte entre ansiedad futura y neuroticismo (.42) y una correlación negativa moderada con extraversión (-.25). Las puntuaciones en ansiedad futura fueron mayores en las mujeres. Conclusiones:Los resultados muestran propiedades psicométricas satisfactorias delaDFS-S, siendo un instrumento adecuado para medir la ansiedad futura en adultos jóvenes.(AU)

Social networks and risk of eating disorders in Chilean young adults.

Introduction: Introduction: in Western societies, social networks are prominent sources of information and entertainment, widely accessed due to internet availability. While social networks offer health benefits, their impact varies across generations and populations. Concerns arise about their influence on mental health, with potential hindrance to social relationships. Social networks are recognized as contributors to eating disorders, influencing nutritional behaviors and impacting self-perception negatively. For this, the objective of present study was determining the association between the risk of eating disorders (ED) and the use of social networks in young adults in the Araucanía Region of Chile. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on the young adult population. The subjects were recruited online through crucial social networks between November and December 2021. A self-reported online form was administered, asking for sociodemographic variables, social network use, and risk of eating disorders. The EAT-26 was applied for the latter variable. To determine the association between variables, each condition was dichotomized against the presence or absence of ED risk. Results: a total of 370 responses were collected, representing females (62.7 %) primarily from the 20-28 age group (79.5 %) and from the university student group (54.9 %); 12.9 % of the sample were at risk of ED. The variables associated with a higher risk of an eating disorder were being female (p = 0.001), preference for Twitter (p = 0.017), interest in food influencers (p = 0.008), and perceived frequency of advertising (p = 0.007). Conclusion: in this sample, there is an association between the use of social networks and the risk of ED, but this depends mainly on the social network used and exposure/preference of food-related content.

Introducción: Introduction: en las sociedades occidentales, las redes sociales son fuentes destacadas de información y entretenimiento, ampliamente accesibles gracias a la disponibilidad de internet. Aunque ofrecen beneficios para la salud, su impacto varía entre generaciones y poblaciones. Surgen preocupaciones sobre su influencia en la salud mental, con un posible obstáculo para las relaciones sociales. Se reconoce que las redes sociales contribuyen a los trastornos alimentarios, influyendo en los comportamientos nutricionales y afectando negativamente la autopercepción. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la asociación entre el riesgo de trastornos alimentarios (ED) y el uso de redes sociales en adultos jóvenes en la Región de la Araucanía, Chile. Methods: se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo transversal en la población de adultos jóvenes. Los sujetos fueron reclutados en línea a través de redes sociales clave entre noviembre y diciembre de 2021. Se administró un formulario en línea autoinformado, solicitando variables sociodemográficas, uso de redes sociales y riesgo de trastornos alimentarios. Se aplicó el EAT-26 para esta última variable. Para determinar la asociación entre variables, se dicotomizó cada condición frente a la presencia o ausencia de riesgo de ED. Results: se recopilaron un total de 370 respuestas, principalmente de mujeres (62,7 %) en el grupo de edad de 20-28 años (79,5 %) y de estudiantes universitarios (54,9 %). El 12,9 % de la muestra estaba en riesgo de ED. Las variables asociadas con un mayor riesgo de trastorno alimentario fueron el género femenino (p = 0,001), preferencia por Twitter (p = 0,017), interés en influencers de alimentos (p = 0,008) y percepción de la frecuencia de la publicidad (p = 0,007). Conclusion: en esta muestra, existe una asociación entre el uso de redes sociales y el riesgo de ED, pero esto depende principalmente de la red social utilizada y la exposición/preferencia de contenido relacionado con la alimentación.

To lose a friend: the relationship between professional help and grief among close bereaved friends after the terror attack, 22 July 2011.

Background: Close friends are often an overlooked group of bereaved people. This study is based on a sub-project on young adults who experienced the loss of a close friend in the terrorist attack on Utøya, Norway, on 22 July 2011.Objective: The aim of this longitudinal study was to explore the relationship between complicated grief reactions, the need for help, and help received after losing a close friend to a traumatic death.Method: In total, data from 89 people (with a mean age of 21 years, 76.4% female) were collected at one or more of the four time-points: 18, 28, 40, and 102 months after the incident. Latent growth modelling was used to analyse levels of grief reactions and change over time, experienced need for help, and help received.Results: According to the results, the bereaved friends in our study were profoundly impacted by the loss and experienced level of reactions indicating complicated grief (mean scores on the Inventory of Complicated Grief varied from 36.2 to 23.7). A need for help was related to a decrease in grief symptoms, whereas a prolonged need for help was related to no reduction or an increase in grief. Received help was not related to decrease in grief symptoms.Conclusions: These findings underscore the need for continuous professional help, and demonstrate that the present help measures used after traumatic events may not adequately meet the needs of close bereaved friends. This emphasizes the importance of acknowledging friends as bereaved and that follow-up measures should also include this group. Finally, the study highlights the need to learn more about how professional can help bereaved friends.

Young adults who experience the traumatic loss of a close friend may experience levels of grief reactions indicating complicated grief.The need for help reported after experiencing the loss of a close friend is high; this is also the case when some time has passed since the loss.Bereaved friends need more acknowledgement, and help measures after traumatic events often do not meet their need for help and follow-up after the loss.

Clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer patients under 30 years of age.

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second cause of cancer death in the world and is estimated to have been responsible for almost 935,000 deaths during 2020. OBJECTIVE: Describe clinicopathological features, overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in CRC patients under 30 years. METHOD: This is a retrospective cohort study in patients under 30 years diagnosed with CRC. RESULTS: From 2017 to 2021, 1823 patients were diagnosed with CRC, of which 54 (2.96%) were under 30 years. The OS, during 4 years, was 41.5%. The clinical stage found IV (hazard ratio [HR]: 6.212; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.504-15.414; p < 0.001), giving neoadjuvant therapy (HR: 0.705; 95% CI: 0.499-0.996; p = 0.047) and no medical history of Lynch syndrome (HR: 3.925; 95% CI: 1.355-11.364; p = 0.012) are independent predictors of mortality. The PFS, during 4 years, was 21.3%. Clinical stage IV (HR: 2.418; 95% CI: 1.000-5.850; p < 0.050), and no diagnosis of Lynch syndrome (HR: 3.800; 95% CI: 1.398-10.326; p = 0.009) are independent predictors. CONCLUSIONS: Younger patients are usually diagnosed with CRC in advanced stages. Early symptoms and evaluation, irrespective of age, are crucial.

ANTECEDENTES: El cáncer colorrectal (CCR) es la segunda causa de muerte por cáncer en el mundo y se estima que fue responsable de casi 935,000 muertes durante el año 2020. OBJETIVO: Describir las características clinicopatológicas, la supervivencia global (SG) y la supervivencia libre de progresión (SLP) en pacientes con CCR menores de 30 años. MÉTODO: Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo en pacientes con diagnóstico de CCR menores de 30 años. RESULTADOS: Entre 2017 y 2021 se diagnosticaron 1823 pacientes con CCR, de los cuales 54 (2.96%) eran menores de 30 años. La SG a 4 años fue del 41.5%. Se encontró que la etapa clínica IV (hazard ratio [HR]: 6.212; intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%]: 2.504-15.414; p < 0.001), recibir tratamiento neoadyuvante (HR: 0.705; IC95%: 0.499-0.996; p = 0.047) y no tener antecedente de síndrome de Lynch (HR:3.925; IC95%: 1.355-11.364; p = 0.012) son predictores de mortalidad independientes. La SLP a 4 años fue del 21.3%. La etapa clínica IV (HR: 2.418; IC95%: 1.000-5.850; p < 0.050) y el no contar con diagnóstico de síndrome de Lynch (HR: 3.800; IC95%: 1.398-10.326; p = 0.009) son predictores independientes. CONCLUSIONES: Los pacientes jóvenes son diagnosticados con CCR en etapas avanzadas. Los síntomas iniciales, junto con la evaluación, independientemente de la edad, son cruciales.

Implementación de programas de transición de la adolescencia a la edad adulta / Implementation of programmes for the transition of adolescents to adult care

Hasta un 15-20% de adolescentes tienen algún problema de salud crónico. La adolescencia representa un periodo de riesgo especial para la evolución de las enfermedades crónicas, tanto en aquellos con padecimientos con mayor prevalencia como en los afectados por enfermedades raras. La transición de la asistencia pediátrica a la adulta empieza con la preparación y capacitación del paciente pediátrico, acostumbrado a los cuidados tutelados, para que asuma la responsabilidad de su autocuidado en una unidad de adultos. La transferencia es el momento en el que la persona joven pasa a los servicios de adultos y es dada de alta de los servicios pediátricos. La transición sólo se completa cuando los jóvenes están integrados y funcionan con total competencia dentro del servicio de adultos. Los profesionales de adultos tienen un rol crucial al momento de recibir e integrar a los adultos jóvenes. Un programa de transición puede incluir transiciones de diferente complejidad, desde enfermedades frecuentes y conocidas como el asma, que requieren un proceso más sencillo, hasta enfermedades raras complejas con necesidad de participación de personal muy especializado. La transición requiere un trabajo en equipo con participación de numerosos profesionales: pediatras y médicos de adultos, enfermeras, psicólogos clínicos, trabajadores sociales sanitarios, equipo de Farmacia, y personal administrativo. Es importante implicar a los adolescentes en la toma de decisiones y que los padres los dejen ir progresivamente. Un programa de transición bien estructurado puede mejorar los resultados en salud, la experiencia del paciente y la utilización y coste de los cuidados sanitarios.(AU)

Up to 15%–20% of adolescents have a chronic health problem. Adolescence is a period of particular risk for the development or progression of chronic diseases for both individuals with more prevalent conditions and those affected by rare diseases. The transition from paediatric to adult care begins with preparing and training the paediatric patient, accustomed to supervised care, to assume responsibility for their self-care in an adult care setting. The transition takes place when the young person is transferred to adult care and discharged from paediatric care services. It is only complete when the youth is integrated and functioning competently within the adult care system. Adult care providers play a crucial role in welcoming and integrating young adults. A care transition programme can involve transitions of varying complexity, ranging from those required for common and known diseases such as asthma, whose management is more straightforward, to rare complex disorders requiring highly specialized personnel.(AU)

Relación entre resiliencia y conductas alimentarias de riesgo / Relationship between resilience and risk eating behaviors

Resumen: Los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria son de las enfermedades crónicas más frecuentes en adolescentes y mujeres jóvenes. En México se han encontrado porcentajes desde 5 hasta 18% de conductas alimentarias de riesgo en muestras de mujeres estudiantes universitarias (Unikel-Santoncini, et al., 2004). Por otro lado, la resiliencia se define como un constructo que incluye ciertos fenómenos que consisten en la adecuada adaptación del individuo ante situaciones traumáticas, privación extrema, amenazas graves o estrés elevado (González-Arratia, 2008, en Camacho-Valadez, 2016). Esta investigación examina la relación entre la resiliencia y las conductas alimentarias de riesgo por medio de la aplicación de los instrumentos EAT-26 y RESI-M a 201 mujeres mexicanas, con un promedio de edad de 22 años. Se realizó un análisis de correlación de Producto Momento de Pearson, el cual demostró que, aquellas mujeres con mayores niveles de resiliencia mostraban menos conductas alimentarias de riesgo. Se propone realizar el mismo estudio con poblaciones más jóvenes, así como con participantes de sexo masculino.

Abstract: Eating disorders are one of the most frequent chronic diseases in adolescents and young women. In Mexico, percentages from 5 to 18% of risk eating behaviors have been found in samples of female university students (Unikel-Santoncini, et al., 2004). On the other hand, resilience is defined as a construct that includes certain phenomena that consist of the individual's adequate adaptation to traumatic situations, extreme deprivation, serious threats, or high stress (González-Arratia, 2008, in Camacho Valadez, 2016). This research examines the relationship between resilience and risk eating behaviors through the application of the EAT-26 and RESI-M instruments to 201 Mexican women, with an average age of 22 years. A Pearson Product Moment correlation analysis was performed, which showed that those women with higher levels of resilience showed less risk eating behaviors. It's proposed to carry out the same study with younger populations, as well as with male participants.

Implementation of programmes for the transition of adolescents to adult care.

Up to 15-20% of adolescents have a chronic health problem. Adolescence is a period of particular risk for the development or progression of chronic diseases for both individuals with more prevalent conditions and those affected by rare diseases. The transition from paediatric to adult care begins with preparing and training the paediatric patient, accustomed to supervised care, to assume responsibility for their self-care in an adult care setting. The transition takes place when the young person is transferred to adult care and discharged from paediatric care services. It is only complete when the youth is integrated and functioning competently within the adult care system. Adult care providers play a crucial role in welcoming and integrating young adults. A care transition programme can involve transitions of varying complexity, ranging from those required for common and known diseases such as asthma, whose management is more straightforward, to rare complex disorders requiring highly specialized personnel. The transition requires teamwork with the participation of numerous professionals: paediatricians and adult care physicians, nurses, clinical psychologists, health social workers, the pharmacy team and administrative staff. It is essential to involve adolescents in decision-making and for parents to let them take over gradually. A well-structured transition programme can improve health outcomes, patient experience, the use of health care resources and health care costs.

[Impact of egg consumption on the nutritional status of young adults]. / Impacto del consumo de huevo en la situación nutricional de jóvenes adultos.

Introduction: Young adults move from adolescence into adulthood, and they face physical, social and personal changes that can affect their health. Regarding their nutritional needs, their energy requirements are lower than during adolescence, but they may need the same or higher amounts of other essential nutrients, such as folate, vitamin C, vitamin D, calcium, and iron. Furthermore, their increasingly sedentary lifestyle has led to a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in this group. However, despite being a vulnerable stage to nutritional problems, not enough attention has been paid to it from this point of view. In this context, eggs stand out as a food of great nutritional value for young adults, as they are an excellent source of protein, vitamins, and minerals. In addition, eggs are a nutritionally dense food, which makes them particularly useful in weight control and in situations with low energy requirements but high demands for other nutrients. Moderate egg consumption as part of a balanced diet helps to follow a healthy diet in this population group, contributing to improve their current and future health.

Introducción: Los adultos jóvenes, en su paso desde la adolescencia hacia la vida adulta, deben afrontar cambios físicos, sociales y personales que pueden afectar a su salud. Sus requerimientos energéticos son menores que durante la adolescencia, pero pueden necesitar la misma cantidad o mayor de otros nutrientes esenciales, como folatos, vitamina C, vitamina D, calcio y hierro. Además, su estilo de vida cada vez más sedentario ha llevado a una alta prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en este grupo. Sin embargo, a pesar de ser una etapa sensible a los problemas nutricionales, no se le ha prestado suficiente atención desde este punto de vista. En este contexto, el huevo destaca como un alimento de gran valor nutricional para los adultos jóvenes, dado que es una excelente fuente de proteínas, vitaminas y minerales. Además, el huevo es un alimento de alta densidad nutricional, lo que lo hace especialmente útil en el control de peso y en situaciones de bajas necesidades energéticas pero altas con respecto a otros nutrientes. El consumo de huevo en cantidades moderadas y como parte de una dieta equilibrada ayuda a seguir una dieta saludable en este grupo de población, lo que contribuye a mejorar su salud actual y futura.

The influence of childhood emotional neglect experience on brain dynamic functional connectivity in young adults.

Background: Childhood emotional neglect (CEN) confers a great risk for developing multiple psychiatric disorders; however, the neural basis for this association remains unknown. Using a dynamic functional connectivity approach, this study aimed to examine the effects of CEN experience on functional brain networks in young adults.Method: In total, 21 healthy young adults with CEN experience and 26 without childhood trauma experience were recruited. The childhood trauma experience was assessed using the childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ), and eligible participants underwent resting-state functional MRI. Sliding windows and k-means clustering were used to identify temporal features of large-scale functional connectivity states (frequency, mean dwell time, and transition numbers).Result: Dynamic analysis revealed two separate connection states: state 1 was more frequent and characterized by extensive weak connections between the brain regions. State 2 was relatively infrequent and characterized by extensive strong connections between the brain regions. Compared to the control group, the CEN group had a longer mean dwell time in state 1 and significantly decreased transition numbers between states 1 and 2.Conclusion: The CEN experience affects the temporal properties of young adults' functional brain connectivity. Young adults with CEN experience tend to be stable in state 1 (extensive weak connections between the brain regions), reducing transitions between states, and reflecting impaired metastability or functional network flexibility.

We focus solely on the childhood emotional neglect experience and its long-term effects on brain function.Eligible participants with and without childhood emotional neglect were identified through a large-scale screen among young adults.The results found childhood emotional neglect experiences have a long-term impact on brain flexibility.

[Discourses on violence against women by young people and professionals in Spain: PositivMasc project]. / Discursos sobre violencia contra la mujer de jóvenes y profesionales en España. Proyecto PositivMasc.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the discourses of young people and professionals on violence against women and to explore possible strategies for its prevention in Spain. METHOD: Qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with 16 young people (18-24 years old) and 23 professionals working in violence against women prevention. A discourse analysis was carried out to identify the main interpretative repertoires. RESULTS: The four interpretative repertoires of this study reflect how young people perceive physical violence in the domestic sphere as the most visible type of violence against women. In their discourses, both young men and women describe the bidirectional nature of intimate partner violence. The allusion to the responsibility of social agents in the perpetuation of violence against women emerges. Finally, young people and professionals emphasize the key role of boys in the prevention of violence against women. CONCLUSIONS: Physical violence continues to be the main type of violence perceived by the young population, but most girls were able to identify other more subtle and normalized forms of violence. Social agents have a strong influence on the imaginary of violence against women in the young population. Finally, future strategies against violence against women must involve young men in community-based strategies that work to promote positive and egalitarian attitudes and relationships.

Discursos sobre violencia contra la mujer de jóvenes y profesionales en España. Proyecto PositivMasc / Discourses on violence against women by young people and professionals in Spain: PositivMasc project

Objetivo: Analizar los discursos de jóvenes y profesionales sobre la violencia contra la mujer y explorar las posibles estrategias para su prevención en España.Método: Estudio cualitativo basado en entrevistas semiestructuradas a 16 jóvenes (18-24 años) y 23 profesionales que trabajan en la prevención de la violencia contra la mujer. Se llevó a cabo un análisis del discurso para identificar los principales repertorios interpretativos.Resultados: Los cuatro repertorios interpretativos de este estudio reflejan cómo las personas jóvenes perciben la violencia física en el ámbito doméstico como el tipo de violencia contra la mujer más visible. En sus discursos, tanto hombres como mujeres jóvenes describen el carácter bidireccional de la violencia en el ámbito de la pareja. Emerge la alusión a la responsabilidad de los agentes sociales en la perpetuación de la violencia contra la mujer. Por último, las personas jóvenes y profesionales destacan el papel clave de los chicos en la prevención de la violencia contra la mujer.Conclusiones: La violencia física continúa siendo el principal tipo de violencia percibido por la población joven, pero mayoritariamente las chicas fueron capaces de identificar otras formas de violencia más sutiles y normalizadas. Los agentes sociales tienen una fuerte influencia en el imaginario sobre la violencia contra la mujer de la población joven. Por último, las futuras estrategias contra la violencia contra la mujer deben contar con la participación de los hombres jóvenes desde estrategias comunitarias que trabajen en la promoción de actitudes y relaciones positivas e igualitarias.(AU)

Objective: To analyze the discourses of young people and professionals on violence against women and to explore possible strategies for its prevention in Spain.Method: Qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with 16 young people (18–24 years old) and 23 professionals working in violence against women prevention. A discourse analysis was carried out to identify the main interpretative repertoires.Results: The four interpretative repertoires of this study reflect how young people perceive physical violence in the domestic sphere as the most visible type of violence against women. In their discourses, both young men and women describe the bidirectional nature of intimate partner violence. The allusion to the responsibility of social agents in the perpetuation of violence against women emerges. Finally, young people and professionals emphasize the key role of boys in the prevention of violence against women.Conclusions: Physical violence continues to be the main type of violence perceived by the young population, but most girls were able to identify other more subtle and normalized forms of violence. Social agents have a strong influence on the imaginary of violence against women in the young population. Finally, future strategies against violence against women must involve young men in community-based strategies that work to promote positive and egalitarian attitudes and relationships.(AU)

Impact of obesity on the use of healthcare resources by young adults aged 18-45 years: Results of the 2017 National Health Survey.

INTRODUCTION: Excess weight is a public health problem associated with a greater burden of chronic diseases and increased use of health resources. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A subsample of Spanish adults aged 18-45 from the 2017 Spanish National Health Survey (N=7081) was used. The odds ratios of service utilisation of the group with BMI≥30kg/m2 were compared to the normal-weight group, using a model adjusted for sex, age, education, socioeconomic level, perceived health status and the presence of comorbidities. RESULTS: In all, 12.4% of the sample had obesity. Of these, 24.8% visited their general physician, 37.1% attended emergency services and 6.1% were hospitalised during the last 12 months, which were significantly higher rates than in the normal-weight population (20.3%, 29.2%, 3.8%, respectively). However, 16.1% visited a physiotherapist and 3.1% used alternative therapies, compared to 20.8% and 6.4% in the healthy weight group. After adjusting for confounding factors, people with obesity were more likely to visit emergency services (OR: 1.225 [1.037-1.446]) and less likely to visit a physiotherapist (OR: 0.720 [0.583-0.889]) or use alternative therapies (OR: 0.481 [0.316-0.732]). CONCLUSIONS: Spanish young adults suffering from obesity are more likely to use some health resources than those of normal weight, even after adjusting for socioeconomic variables and comorbidities, but they are less likely to attend physical therapy. The literature shows that these differences are less marked than in older ages, so this stage of life could be a window of opportunity for prevention to achieve better resource management.

Estilos parentais e vinculação aos pares fazem a diferença nos motivos do consumo de álcool em jovens universitários? / ¿Los estilos parentales y el apego a los compañeros marcan la diferencia en los motivos de consumo de alcohol en jóvenes universitarios? / Do Parenting Styles and Peer Attachment Make a Difference in the Reasons for Alcohol Consumption in University Students?

A literatura suporta a importância da relação entre os jovens e as figuras parentais para um desenvolvimen-to adaptativo, nomeadamente capacidades pró-sociais e menor envolvimento em comportamentos de risco. A qualidade das relações com os pares pode também desempenhar um papel protetor no que respeita ao consumo de álcool. O objetivo deste estudo foca-se na análise do efeito dos estilos parentais e da vinculação aos pares nos motivos de consumo de álcool. Participaram 1.044 estudantes universitários de ambos os sexos com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e 25 anos (m= 19.78; dp= 1.68). De forma a recolher os dados recorreu-se a um questionário sociodemográfico, ao Parenting Styles & Dimensions Questionnaire: Short Version (psdq), ao Inventory of Peer and Parental Attachment (ippa-peer), ao Drinking Motives Questionnaire ­ Revised (dmq-r) e ao Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (audit). Os resultados apontam para um efeito preditor positivo dos estilos parentais autoritários e permissivos e da alienação aos pares face aos motivos de consumo de álcool e um efeito preditor negativo do estilo parental democrático e de uma vinculação aos pares pautada por comunicação e confiança. As mulheres apresentam maior qualidade relacional com os pares comparativa-mente com os jovens do sexo masculino. Os rapazes apre-sentam uma maior diversidade de motivos de consumo de álcool. Os resultados são discutidos considerando a relevância dos estilos parentais e qualidade das relações com os pares no desenvolvimento pessoal e as motivações dos jovens adultos, em contexto universitário, para a assunção de comportamentos de risco.

La literatura apoya la importancia de la relación entre los jóvenes y las figuras parentales para un desarrollo adaptativo, es decir, habilidades prosociales y menor involucramiento en conductas de riesgo. La calidad de las relaciones con los compañeros también puede desempeñar un papel protector con respecto al consumo de alcohol. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el efecto de los estilos de crianza y el apego entre pares, sobre las razones para el consumo de alcohol. Participaron 1.044 estudiantes universitarios de ambos sexos con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 25 años (m= 19.78; ds= 1.68). Para la recolección de datos se utilizó un cuestionario sociodemográfico, el Parenting Styles & Dimensions Questionnaire: Short Version (psdq), el Inventory of Peer and Parental Attachment (ippa-peer), el Drinking Motives Questionnaire ­ Revised (dmq-r) y el Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (audit). Los resultados indican un efecto predictivo positivo de los estilos parentales autoritarios, permisivos y de alienación de los pares ante los motivos del consumo de alcohol, y un efecto predictivo negativo del estilo paren-tal democrático y de apego a los pares basado en la comunicación y la confianza. Las mujeres tienen más calidad relacional con sus compañeros que los hombres jóvenes. Los hombres tienen una mayor diversidad de motivos para el consumo de alcohol. Los resultados se discuten considerando la relevancia de los estilos de crianza y la calidad de las relaciones con los pares en el desarrollo personal, y las motivaciones de los jóvenes en un contexto universitario para asumir con-ductas de riesgo.

The importance of the relationship between young people and their parental figures for adaptative de-velopment has been supported by literature, namely prosocial capacities and less involvement in risk beha-viors. The quality of peer relationships may also play a protective role regarding alcohol consumption. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of parenting styles and peer attachment on the reasons for alcohol consumption. Participants were 1.044 university stu-dents of both sexes, between 18 and 25 years of age (m = 19.78; sd = 1.68). For data collection, a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Parenting Styles & Dimensions Questionnaire: Short Version (psdq), the Inventory of Peer and Parental Attachment (ippa-peer), the Drinking Motives Questionnaire ­ Revised (dmq-r), and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (audit) were used. The results reveal a positive predictive effect of negative parenting styles (authoritarian and permissive) and alienation with peers on the reasons for alcohol consumption and a negative predictive impact on democratic parenting style and peer attachment ba-sed on communication and trust. Women have a better relational quality with their peers compared to males. Men have a greater diversity of reasons for consuming alcohol. Results are discussed considering the relevance of parenting styles, the quality of peer relationships in personal development, and the motivations of young adults, in a university context, for risk-taking behavior.

Impacto del consumo de huevo en la situación nutricional de jóvenes adultos / Impact of egg consumption on the nutritional status of young adults

Los adultos jóvenes, en su paso desde la adolescencia hacia la vida adulta, deben afrontar cambios físicos, sociales y personales que pueden afectar a su salud. Sus requerimientos energéticos son menores que durante la adolescencia, pero pueden necesitar la misma cantidad o mayor de otros nutrientes esenciales, como folatos, vitamina C, vitamina D, calcio y hierro. Además, su estilo de vida cada vez más sedentario ha llevado a una alta prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en este grupo. Sin embargo, a pesar de ser una etapa sensible a los problemas nutricionales, no se le ha prestado suficiente atención desde este punto de vista. En este contexto, el huevo destaca como un alimento de gran valor nutricional para los adultos jóvenes, dado que es una excelente fuente de proteínas, vitaminas y minerales. Además, el huevo es un alimento de alta densidad nutricional, lo que lo hace especialmente útil en el control de peso y en situaciones de bajas necesidades energéticas pero altas con respecto a otros nutrientes. El consumo de huevo en cantidades moderadas y como parte de una dieta equilibrada ayuda a seguir una dieta saludable en este grupo de población, lo que contribuye a mejorar su salud actual y futura. (AU)

Young adults move from adolescence into adulthood, and they face physical, social and personal changes that can affect their health. Regarding their nutritional needs, their energy requirements are lower than during adolescence, but they may need the same or higher amounts of other essential nutrients, such as folate, vitamin C, vitamin D, calcium, and iron. Furthermore, their increasingly sedentary lifestyle has led to a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in this group. However, despite being a vulnerable stage to nutritional problems, not enough attention has been paid to it from this point of view. In this context, eggs stand out as a food of great nutritional value for young adults, as they are an excellent source of protein, vitamins, and minerals. In addition, eggs are a nutritionally dense food, which makes them particularly useful in weight control and in situations with low energy requirements but high demands for other nutrients. Moderate egg consumption as part of a balanced diet helps to follow a healthy diet in this population group, contributing to improve their current and future health. (AU)

Influencia del entorno en el consumo de alcohol en jóvenes: Un estudio utilizando concept mapping con estudiantes universitarios / Understanding how alcohol environment influences youth drinking: A concept mapping study among university students

El objetivo del estudio fue identificar los factores del entorno que influyen en el consumo de alcohol según la perspectiva de estudiantes universitarios, y evaluar la importancia y la frecuencia atribuida a cada factor. Se utilizó la metodología del Concept Mapping con una muestra de estudiantes de enfermería, que participaron en dos sesiones de recogida de datos. En la sesión 1, se obtuvo un consenso sobre los aspectos del entorno que influyen en su consumo de alcohol. En la sesión 2, los ítems obtenidos se clasificaron en función de la importancia y la frecuencia de estos factores en el consumo de alcohol (1 = mínimo; 5 = máximo). Todos los datos se analizaron con el RCMAP del paquete estadístico R 3.6.1.Alrededor de 60 estudiantes participaron en cada sesión. La mayoría eran mujeres de 20 a 24 años. En la sesión 1, se obtuvieron un total de 55 ítems que fueron clasificados en 7 grupos: Publicidad (9 ítems); Ambiente familiar (4 ítems); Presión social (12 ítems); Responsabilidades/normas (4 ítems); Vacaciones y tiempo libre (7 ítems); Situaciones emocionales (8 ítems); Accesibilidad (11 ítems). Los factores relacionados con la presión social, las vacaciones y el tiempo libre y la accesibilidad del alcohol, fueron considerados los más importantes y frecuentes en el consumo de alcohol. Contrariamente, la publicidad del alcohol fue considerada el factor menos importante (media 2,6 sobre 5) y frecuente (media 2,1 sobre 5). En conclusión, los factores considerados más relevantes entre los estudiantes coinciden con los que se destinan más recursos para la prevención y la promoción de la salud, a excepción de la publicidad del alcohol, que se percibió como menos importante y frecuente comparado con los otros factores. (AU)

The aim of the study was to identify the environmental factors that influence alcohol consumption, according to university students, and assess the relative importance and the frequency attributed to each factor. A study using Concept Mapping methodology was performed with a sample of nursing students, who participated in two face-to-face data collection sessions. In session 1, a consensus about the environmental aspects that influence their alcohol consumption was obtained. In session 2, the statements obtained were rated according to their relative importance and frequency in alcohol use (1 = minimum; 5 = maximum). Subsequently, all data were analyzed with the RCMAP of the statistical package R 3.6.1.Approximately 60 students participated in each session. Most were women aged 20 to 24. In session 1, a total of 55 statements were obtained and classified into 7 different clusters: Advertising (9 statements); Family environment (4 statements); Social pressure (12 statements); Responsibilities/norms (4 statements); Holidays and leisure time (7 statements); Emotional situations (8 statements); Accessibility (11 statements). Factors related to social pressure, holidays and leisure time, and alcohol accessibility were considered the most important and frequent in alcohol consumption. In contrast, alcohol advertising was considered the least important (mean 2.6 out of 5) and frequent (mean 2.1 out 5) factor. In conclusion, the factors considered most relevant among nursing students match those having more resources allocated for prevention and health promotion, except for alcohol advertising, which was perceived as less important and frequent compared with the other factors. (AU)

Cigarros eletrônicos: uma abordagem acerca do conhecimento de jovens adultos e os riscos para o sistema respiratório / Electronic cigarettes: an approach about the knowledge of young adults and the risks to the respiratory system / Cigarrillos electrónicos: una aproximación sobre el conocimiento de los adultos jóvenes y los riesgos para el sistema respiratorio

A presente pesquisa teve o objetivo de avaliar o conhecimento dos jovens adultos sobre os cigarros eletrônicos e os seus efeitos no sistema respiratório. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa transversal, descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa, que foi desenvolvida através da plataforma Google Forms com aplicação de um questionário, contendo dados sociodemográficos e informações acerca do nível de conhecimento sobre os cigarros eletrônicos, divulgado nos grupos de Whatsapp e redes sociais, durante o período de julho a outubro de 2022. A amostra foi composta por adultos jovens, com idade entre 18 e 24 anos, com histórico de tabagismo ou não. Foram respeitadas as normas da Resolução 466/12 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde e a análise foi feita através da estatística descritiva simples. O estudo contou com a participação de 80 indivíduos, com participação homogênea entre os gêneros , sendo 40 do sexo feminino e 40 do masculino, com média de idade dos participantes de 21 anos ± 2,16, no qual, 35% (n=28) utilizam cigarros eletrônicos, 48% (n=38) afirmam ter alto nível de conhecimento sobre os mesmos, 41% (n=33) acreditavam que os dispositivos eletrônicos possuíam o mesmo risco que os cigarros convencionais, com isso, 76% (n=61) afirmam que os cigarros eletrônicos podem causar malefícios, mas não especificaram, além disso, observou-se que 25% (n=20) relatam sentir sensação de relaxamento, prazer ao consumir cigarro eletrônico. Dessa forma, pode-se observar que a amostra da pesquisa possui conhecimento sobre os cigarros eletrônicos, assim como os riscos, embora não saibam quais especificamente, bem como sua proporção no sistema respiratório.

This research aimed to evaluate the knowledge of young adults about electronic cigarettes and their effects on the respiratory system. This was a cross- sectional, descriptive research, with quantitative approach, which was developed through the Google Forms platform with application of a questionnaire, containing sociodemographic data and information about the level of knowledge about electronic cigarettes, disclosed in Whatsapp groups and social networks, during the period from July to October 2022. The sample was composed of young adults, aged between 18 and 24 years, with a history of smoking or not. The norms of Resolution 466/12 of the National Health Council were respected and the analysis was done through simple descriptive statistics. The study had the participation of 80 individuals, with homogeneous participation between genders, 40 females and 40 males, with a mean age of 21 years ± 2.16, in which, 35% (n=28) use electronic cigarettes, 48% (n=38) claim to have a high level of knowledge about them, 41% (n=33) believed that electronic devices have the same risk as conventional cigarettes, with this, 76% (n=61) stated that electronic cigarettes can cause harm, but did not specify, in addition, it was observed that 25% (n=20) report feeling a sense of relaxation, pleasure when consuming electronic cigarette. Thus, it can be observed that the research sample has knowledge about electronic cigarettes, as well as the risks, although they do not know which ones specifically, as well as their proportion on the respiratory system.

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar el conocimiento de los jóvenes adultos sobre los cigarrillos electrónicos y sus efectos sobre el sistema respiratorio. Se trató de una investigación transversal, descriptiva, con abordaje cuantitativo, que se desarrolló a través de la plataforma Google Forms con aplicación de un cuestionario, conteniendo datos sociodemográficos e informaciones sobre el nivel de conocimiento sobre cigarrillos electrónicos, divulgados en grupos de Whatsapp y redes sociales, durante el período de julio a octubre de 2022. La muestra fue compuesta por jóvenes adultos, con edad entre 18 y 24 años, con historia de fumador o no. Fueron respetadas las normas de la Resolución 466/12 del Consejo Nacional de Salud y el análisis fue hecho a través de estadística descriptiva simple. El estudio contó con la participación de 80 individuos, con participación homogénea entre géneros, siendo 40 mujeres y 40 hombres, con edad media de los participantes de 21 años ± 2,16, en los cuales, 35% (n=28) utilizan cigarrillos electrónicos, 48% (n=38) afirman tener alto nivel de conocimiento sobre los mismos, 41% (n=33) creen que los dispositivos electrónicos tienen el mismo riesgo que los cigarrillos convencionales, con esto, 76% (n=61) afirman que los cigarrillos electrónicos pueden causar daño, pero no especificaron, además, se observó que 25% (n=20) dicen sentir sensación de relajación, placer al consumir cigarrillo electrónico. Por lo tanto, se puede observar que la muestra de la investigación tiene conocimiento sobre los cigarrillos electrónicos, así como los riesgos, aunque no saben cuáles específicamente, así como su proporción en el sistema respiratorio.

Uso de redes sociales y consumo de alimentos en adultos jovenes que asisten a gimnasios de la ciudad de Guayaquil / Use of social networks and food consumption of young adults who attendgyms in the city of Guayaquil

Introducción: La capacidad de las redes sociales para in-fluir en las audiencias de adultos jóvenes también ha desper-tado el interés de los profesionales de la salud pública comouna plataforma potencial para la promoción de la salud.Objetivo: Determinar uso de las redes sociales y consumode alimentos de adultos jóvenes que asisten a gimnasios dela ciudad de Guayaquil. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio transversal de tipo des-criptivo. Se trabajó con una muestra 509 adultos jóvenes de18 a 26 años que asisten a diferentes gimnasios de la ciudadde Guayaquil en Ecuador durante los meses de julio a di-ciembre del 2021. Se recolectó la información por medio deluso de un cuestionario online estructurado y creado enGoogle forms previamente validado. Para la identificación delos hábitos alimentarios se utilizó el cuestionario semicuanti-tativo de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos. Resultados: El 91,8% de los investigados usan casi siem-pre las redes sociales (p0,018), el tiempo promedio dedicadoal uso de las redes sociales es de 1 a 2 horas por día (37,7%; p0,048) y la red social que más utilizan es Facebook (42,4%;p<0,0001). Con respecto a la alimentación los jóvenes siguenpáginas que brindan información sobre dietas (62,1%;p<0,0001) teniendo la intención de prepararlas en algún mo-mento (80,7%), la información es brindada por nutricionistas(63,5%; p0,015). De acuerdo con la frecuencia de consumode alimentos (Tabla III) los investigados refieren una ingestainsuficiente de lácteos y derivados (84,1%; p<0,0001), ver-duras y hortalizas (71,5%), frutas (78,2%; p<0,0001), cere-ales y derivados (55,2%). Conclusiones: Las redes sociales pueden influir en formapositiva o negativa en la conducta alimentaria de los adoles-centes y adultos jóvenes, por lo cual es necesaria la educa-ción alimentaria de expertos en nutrición para prevenir quelas publicaciones engañosas puedan repercutir en el estadode salud del individuo.(AU)

Introduction: The ability of social media to influenceyoung adult audiences has also piqued the interest of pub-lic health professionals as a potential platform for healthpromotion. Objective: To determine the use of social networks andfood consumption of young adults who attend gyms in thecity of Guayaquil. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional descriptivestudy. We worked with a sample of 509 young adults from 18to 26 years old who attend different gyms in the city ofGuayaquil in Ecuador during the months of July to December2021. The information was collected through the use of astructured online questionnaire created in Google forms pre-viously validated. For the identification of eating habits, thesemi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used.Results: 91.8% of those surveyed almost always use so-cial networks (p0.018), the average time spent using socialnetworks is 1 to 2 hours per day (37.7%; p0.048) and thesocial network they use the most is Facebook (42.4%;p<0.0001). Regarding food, young people follow pages thatprovide information on diets (62.1%; p<0.0001) with the in-tention of preparing them at some point (80.7%), the infor-mation is provided by nutritionists (63, 5%; p0.015).According to the frequency of food consumption (Table III),those surveyed report an insufficient intake of dairy prod-ucts and derivatives (84.1%; p<0.0001), greens and veg-etables (71.5%), fruits (78.2%; p<0.0001), cereals and de-rivatives (55.2%).Conclusions: Social networks can positively or negativelyinfluence the eating behavior of adolescents and youngadults, which is why food education from nutrition experts isnecessary to prevent misleading publications from havingrepercussions on the individual’s health status.(AU)

Mobility restrictions and mental health among young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ecuador / Restricción de movilidad y salud mental entre adultos jóvenes durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Ecuador

Objective: To study the association between mobility restriction and mental health outcomes among Ecuadorian young adults. Method: The present is a cross-sectional study that included a non-probabilistic sample of mostly highly educated young adults. Socio-demographic and mental health data were collected through an online survey, between May and June 2020, when confinement was mandatory in Ecuador. Data on mobility was extracted from Google Community Mobility Reports. Four aspects of the participants’ mental health were evaluated: eating behavior (emotional eating), depression, sleep quality and sense of coherence as a proxy of resilience, using previously validated instruments. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression models in R. Results: Sample included 8426 young adults, with a mean age of 22.85 (standard deviation: 4.43), most of whom were women (n = 5943, 70.53%). During mandatory confinement, in Ecuador mobility in general was reduced by nearly 50% in comparison to January/February, 2020. Less healthy eating behavior, depression, worse sleep quality and lower sense of coherence were associated with higher mobility restriction to workplaces and groceries/pharmacies. Women and youngsters more often showed depression, less healthy eating behavior, worse quality of sleep and lower sense of coherence in comparison with men and older respondents. Conclusions: Mobility restrictions during COVID-19 pandemic were associated with worse self-reported mental health in a sample of young highly-educated Ecuadorian adults. Women and youngsters were the most affected. Our findings highlight the need of implementing health promotion measures directed to ameliorate the effects of confinement on mental health, focusing on women and youngsters. (AU)

Objetivo: Estudiar la asociación entre la restricción de movilidad y la salud mental en personas adultas jóvenes de Ecuador. Método: Estudio transversal que incluyó una muestra no probabilística de personas adultas jóvenes con alto nivel de educación. Los datos sociodemográficos y de salud mental se recolectaron entre mayo y junio de 2020, cuando el confinamiento fue obligatorio, usando una encuesta en línea. Los datos sobre movilidad se extrajeron de Google Community Mobility Reports. Se evaluaron cuatro aspectos de la salud mental: alimentación emocional, depresión, calidad de sueño y sentido de coherencia como proxy de resiliencia, usando instrumentos previamente validados. Los datos se analizaron con modelos de regresión lineal múltiple usando R. Resultados: La muestra incluyó 8426 jóvenes, con una edad media de 22,85 años (desviación estándar: 4.43), mujeres en su mayoría (n = 5943, 70.53%). Durante el confinamiento obligatorio, la movilidad se redujo aproximadamente un 50%. Comportamientos alimentarios menos saludables, depresión, peor calidad del sueño y menor sentido de coherencia se asociaron con mayor restricción de movilidad a lugares de trabajo y pequeños comercios o farmacias. Mujeres y jóvenes mostraron con mayor frecuencia depresión, conductas alimentarias menos saludables, peor calidad del sueño y menor sentido de coherencia. Conclusiones: Las restricciones de movilidad durante la pandemia de COVID-19 se asociaron con una peor salud mental en personas adultas jóvenes con alto nivel de educación. Mujeres y jóvenes fueron los más afectados. Es necesario implementar medidas de promoción de la salud dirigidas a paliar los efectos del confinamiento en la salud mental, especialmente en mujeres y jóvenes. (AU)

Frecuencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en médicos jóvenes del Hospital de Clínicas

RESUMEN Introducción: las enfermedades cardiovasculares están entre las primeras causas de muerte en todo el mundo. Esta prevalencia podría explicarse por múltiples factores de riesgo. Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en médicos jóvenes del Hospital de Clínicas, San Lorenzo, Paraguay. Material y método: se aplicó un diseño observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal, con muestreo no probabilístico. Se incluyó a 175 médicos jóvenes entre 22 y 45 años de edad, de ambos sexos, del Hospital de Clínicas en el año 2020. Se midieron las variables demográficas (edad, sexo, estado civil, especialidad), medidas antropométricas (peso y talla), factores de riesgo cardiovascular (hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus tipo 2, antecedente patológico familiar de enfermedad cardiovascular), hábitos tóxicos (alcohol y/o tabaco), comportamiento sedentario, dislipidemia, horario laboral (diurno, nocturno o ambos y horas laborales de trabajo). Se calculó el índice de masa corporal. Resultados: el promedio de edad fue 30 ± 3 años. Fue constatada predominancia del sexo masculino con más de la mitad de participantes (50,8%). El factor de riesgo cardiovascular más frecuente fue el antecedente de enfermedad cardiovascular (89,1%), la prevalencia de los demás factores de riesgo cardiovascular fueron el comportamiento etilista (56,5%), comportamiento sedentario (54,5%), pre obesidad y obesidad (49,5%), dislipidemia (17,1%), tabaquismo (10,2%), hipertensión arterial (5,1%), diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (0,5%) y la enfermedad renal crónica (0,5%). Conclusión: la frecuencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en médicos jóvenes del Hospital de Clínicas fue alta, predominando el antecedente familiar de enfermedad cardiovascular, el comportamiento etilista, el comportamiento sedentario y a pre obesidad y obesidad.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide. This prevalence could be explained by multiple risk factors. Objective: To determine the frequency of cardiovascular risk factors in young physicians of the Hospital de Clínicas, San Lorenzo, Paraguay. Material and method: An observational, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional design was applied, with non-probabilistic sampling. One hundred seventy-five young male and female physicians between 22 and 45 years of age, from the Hospital de Clínicas were included in 2020. Demographic variables (age, sex, marital status, specialty), anthropometric measurements (weight and height), cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, family pathological history of cardiovascular disease), toxic habits (alcohol and/or tobacco), sedentary behavior, dyslipidemia, working hours (daytime, nighttime or both, and working hours). Body mass index was calculated. Results: The average age was 30±3 years. A predominance of male sex was verified with more than half of the participants (50.8%). The most frequent cardiovascular risk factor was a history of cardiovascular disease (89.1%), the prevalence of the other cardiovascular risk factors was drinking behavior (56.5%), sedentary behavior (54.5%), pre-obesity and obesity (49.5%), dyslipidemia (17.1%), smoking (10.2%), arterial hypertension (5.1%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (0.5%) and chronic kidney disease (0.5%). Conclusion: The frequency of cardiovascular risk factors in young physicians of the Hospital de Clínicas was high, with a predominance of family history of cardiovascular disease, drinking behavior, sedentary behavior, and pre-obesity and obesity.